Recently, the President of India conferred Gallantry Awards to the personnel of the Armed Forces, Central Armed Police Forces, and State and Union Territory Police during the Defence Investiture Ceremony at Rashtrapati Bhawan.
About Gallantry Awards:
It recognises acts of exceptional bravery, courage and devotion to duty by the Armed Forces and security personnel.
Ministry: The Ministry of Defence seeks recommendations twice annually from the Armed Forces and the Ministry of Home Affairs for Gallantry Awards in India.
These gallantry awards are announced twice in a year - first on the occasion of the Republic Day and then on the occasion of the Independence Day.
History of Gallantry Awards:
Three gallantry awards, namely Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra and Vir Chakra, were instituted by the Government of India on 26th January, 1950.
Thereafter, the other three gallantry awards, i.e. the Ashoka Chakra Class-I, the Ashoka Chakra Class-II and the Ashoka Chakra Class-III were instituted in 1952.
These were later renamed in January 1967 as Ashoka Chakra, Kirti Chakra, and Shaurya Chakra, respectively.
Order of precedence: The order of precedence of these awards is the Param Vir Chakra, the Ashoka Chakra, the Mahavir Chakra, the Kirti Chakra, the Vir Chakra and the Shaurya Chakra.
These awards are divided into two main categories based on whether the act of bravery occurs in the presence of the enemy or in peacetime situations.
Wartime Gallantry Awards: Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, and Vir Chakra
Peacetime Gallantry Awards: Ashoka Chakra, Kirti Chakra, and Shaurya Chakra are awarded for courageous actions during peacetime.
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