UPSC Prelims 2024 Question:

Which one of the following is synthesised in human body that dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow

Explanation:  

• Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized in the human body and plays a crucial role in vasodilation, which increases blood flow.  The body produces nitric oxide from the amino acid L-arginine using the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The primary site of NO synthesis is the inner layer of blood vessels (the endothelium), although other cell types also contribute to its production.
  
  
• NO acts as a powerful vasodilator, relaxing vascular smooth muscles in arteries. This dilation increases blood flow, benefiting overall cardiovascular health. It also serves as a neurotransmitter and is involved in various functions, including neuronal activity and learning. 
  
  

Therefore, option (1) is the correct answer.

Subject: Science & Technology | Biology