About Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary:

• It is located in Kerala.
• It is located on the western slopes of the Nilgiris.
• The name ‘Karimpuzha’ is derived from the Karimpuzha River, a tributary of the river Chaliyar.
• The forest areas of Karimpuzha WLS form part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (NBR).
• It forms part of the Nilambur Elephant Reserve (Nilambur ER), one of the four ERs notified in the country.
• It shares a boundary with Mukurthi NP (Tamil Nadu) on the eastern side and Silent Valley NP (Kerala) on the southern side.
• The nomadic tribes, the Cholanaikans, Cave men of Kerala, are living inside the Karimpuzha WLS.
  • They are classified as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) by the Government of India.
• Vegetation: It is unique in Kerala for encompassing all seven forest types found in the state, including evergreen rainforest, semi-evergreen forest, moist deciduous forest, subtropical savannah, subtropical hill forest, montane wet temperate forest, and montane wet grasslands.
• Flora: It supports rich flora, including teak, rosewood, bamboo, medicinal plants, and endemic orchids.
• Fauna:
  • It harbors a wide variety of fauna, including endangered species like the Nilgiri Tahr, lion-tailed macaque, elephants, tigers, leopards, sloth bears, gaur (Indian bison), and diverse birdlife.
  • Its pristine forests also shelter endangered fish species like the Malabar Mahseer.

About Devnimori Relics of Lord Buddha:

• The Devnimori Relics originate from the Devnimori archaeological site, located near Shamlaji in the Aravalli district of Gujarat.
• It was first explored in 1957 by eminent archaeologist Prof. S. N. Chowdhry.
• Major Findings of Excavations:
  • The excavations revealed important Buddhist structures and relics that stand testimony to the flourishing of Buddhism in western India during the early centuries of the Common Era.
  • Relic casket: The relic casket found within Devnimori Stupa, is made out of green schist.
    • It is inscribed in Brahmi Script and Sanskrit language, it reads. “dashabala sharira nilay” - the abode of the Buddha’s bodily relic.
    • It holds a copper box having organic matter with holy ashes, with silk cloth and beads.

About Rafah Border Crossing:

• It's the southernmost post of exit from Gaza and borders Egypt's Sinai peninsula.
• It is controlled by Egypt.
• There are only two other border crossings from and into the Gaza Strip –
  • Erez: A crossing into Israel in northern Gaza, which is for people.
  • Kerem Shalom: A solely commercial goods junction with Israel in southern Gaza.

Key facts about Sinai Peninsula

• It is a triangle-shaped peninsula located in northeastern Egypt.
• It serves as a land bridge connecting Asia and Africa.
• Boundaries:
  • North: It is bordered to the north by the Mediterranean Sea and to the east by Israel and the Gaza Strip. 
  • West: To the west of the Sinai Peninsula is the Suez Canal, across which lies the African part of Egypt. 
  • It is bordered to the southwest by the Gulf of Suez and to the immediate south by the Red Sea. 
  • The Gulf of Aqaba borders the Sinai in the southeast.

About NeophyteID App:

• It is an AI-powered mobile application designed to help users identify invasive plant species across Kerala.
• It is developed by researchers at the Malabar Botanical Garden and Institute for Plant Sciences (MBGIPS),
• Technology Used: It is powered by the YOLOv11 machine learning
• It is aimed as a citizen-friendly app which enables local communities, students and ecologists to collectively monitor, report and manage the spread of invasive plants threatening native flora and ecosystems.
• Key Features of NeophyteID App:
  • The app leverages image recognition and geospatial tracking to accurately detect and map invasive (neophyte) plant species directly from your camera or gallery.
  • Each identification contributes to a real-time distribution map, supporting research, conservation, and community-based biodiversity management. 
  • Languages: It is accessible in English and Malayalam.

About Aluminium Phosphide 

• Aluminium phosphideis commonly known as Celphos.
• Characteristics of Aluminium Phosphide
  • It is a yellow or dark grey crystalline solid that has a garlic-like odour.
  • It is a cheap, effective and commonly used pesticide.
  • It liberates lethal phosphine gas when it comes in contact either with atmospheric moisture or with hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
    • Phosphine gas, which is highly flammable, and very toxic in nature
  • The mechanism of toxicity includes cellular hypoxia due to the effect on mitochondria, inhibition of cytochrome C oxidase and formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals. 
• Uses of Aluminium Phosphide:
  • Aluminum Phosphide (ALP) is a highly toxic fumigant which is used commonly as an indoor pesticide in agriculture based industry for storage of grains.
  • It is often dispersed in pellets; the pellets react with moisture which produces toxic phosphine gas. 
  • It is also used to make semi-conductor materials such as light-emitting diodes.
• Impact on Human Health: Aluminium phosphide poisoning continues to be a serious public-health challenge, particularly in agricultural states such as Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.

About Moltbook Platform:

• Moltbook is a new online platform where artificial intelligence agents interact with each other without direct human participation.
• It was launched by developer Matt Schlicht.
• It allows AI systems to post, interact, and exchange information in a shared digital space.
• Key Features of Moltbook
  • Diverse Discussions: It is designed as a machine-to-machine space where discussions range from technical issues to philosophical topics like "consciousness" or identity.
    • The agents generate text based on patterns they learned from training data and from interactions.
  • Autonomous Interaction: On Moltbook AI agents do talk to each other by posting, replying and upvoting comments in thread conversations.
    • This communication happens autonomously once a human owner connects their agent to the platform, but the agents themselves use APIs and programmed behaviour to interact without direct human input at each step.
  • Emergent Behavior: AI agents on Moltbook appear to update their behaviour based on interactions with other bots.
    • They remix ideas they encounter in discussions and sometimes adjust responses over time, creating threads that resemble ongoing debates.

What Are AI Agents?

• AI agents are software entities that can be assigned tasks, examine their environments, take actions as prescribed by their roles, and adjust based on their experiences.