About Dibang Multipurpose Project:

• It is a flood control cum hydroelectric power project to be developed on the Dibang River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra River, in Arunachal Pradesh.
• At 2,880 MW installed capacity, it will be the country’s biggest hydropower facility.
• It is being developed by India’s state-run National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC).
• The project is designed as an energy storage project, with flood moderation as one of the key objectives, besides power generation.
• Project Features:
  • The project envisages the construction of a concrete gravity dam, which will be the highest concrete gravity dam of India.
  • The dam is planned to be constructed with the Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) technique, and it will be the highest RCC dam in the World.

About CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS):

• It is a European Space Agency (ESA) spacecraft.
• It is the first space mission dedicated to studying bright, nearby stars that are already known to host exoplanets, in order to make high-precision observations of the planet's size as it passes in front of its host star.
• It focuses on planets in the super-Earth to Neptune size range.
• Orbit: Sun-synchronous, dusk-dawn orbit at 700 km above Earth.
• The spacecraft has a single science instrument: a specialized camera called a photometer.
• CHEOPS observes transits of Earth-to-Neptune-sized exoplanets and measures their diameters.
• When combined with mass data from ground telescopes, it helps calculate planet density.
• A planet’s density provides vital clues about its composition and structure, indicating, for example, if it is predominantly rocky or gassy, or perhaps harbours significant oceans.

About Lymphedema:

• It is swelling in various areas of body that happens when something affects the lymphatic system.
• The lymphatic system collects excess fluid, proteins, and toxins from the cells and tissues and returns them to the bloodstream.
• When the lymphatic system doesn’t work well, the body accumulates fluid and may begin to swell.
• The swelling typically affects the arms and legs, but it can affect other areas of the body, too.
• Causes:
  • Lymphedema can happen after certain surgeries or because of certain medical conditions or genetic conditions.
  • It can be caused by cancer treatments that remove or damage the lymph nodes.
  • One may develop lymphedema spontaneously, meaning it happens for no known reason.
• Symptoms:
  • Lymphedema symptoms may be mild, causing minor swelling and discomfort.
  • Severe cases of lymphedema can affect the ability to move the affected limb, increase the risks of skin infections and sepsis, and can lead to skin changes and breakdown.
• Treatment:
  • Once lymphedema develops, it is a chronic condition that cannot be cured but can be treated to relieve swelling and improve the ability to function day to day.

About  Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve:

• It is located in Madhya Pradesh.
• It is spread over the Vindhya hills.
• Topography: Varies between steep ridges, undulating forests, and open meadows.
• The reserve features caves with Pali inscriptions and animal depictions.
• It also contains ancient structures, including stupas and statues from the 1st century BCE.
• Flora:
  • The vegetation of Bandhavgarh is specially filled with Sal forest in the valleys, and bamboo stretches on the lower slopes of the region.
  • Some of the most famous floral species include Saj, Dhaora, Tendu, Arjun , Amla, Palas, etc.
• Fauna:
  • It is known to have one of the highest density of tigers in the world.
  • It also hosts other notable mammals such as leopards, Indian bison (gaur), sambar deer, spotted deer, nilgai, wild boar, sloth bears, Indian wolves, jackals, and both langur and rhesus macaque monkeys.
  • It also has over 250 bird species, including the crested serpent eagle, Malabar pied hornbill, white-rumped vulture, and Indian roller.

About Galathea balasubramaniani:

• It is a new species of crab.
• It was discovered from the coral reefs of Agatti in the Lakshadweep Islands.
• It belongs to the genus Galathea, a group of small, reef-dwelling anomuran crabs commonly called squat lobsters.
  • Resembling tiny lobsters, these crabs have the ability to hide among coral and rocky crevices.
  • They play an important role in coral reef ecosystems by recycling organic matter and serving as food for fish and other marine organisms.
• It differs from its closest relative, G. mauritiana, in several body characteristics, including the structure of its legs and other morphological features, alongside clear genetic distinctions.

About Indian Grey Hornbill:

• It is a common hornbill found on the Indian subcontinent.
• It is commonly sighted in pairs.
• These birds are known to be arboreal, e. spend most of their time on tall trees, but may descend for food and to collect mud pellets for nesting. 
• Appearance:
  • It has grey feathers all over the body with a light grey or dull white belly.
  • The horn is black or dark grey with a casque extending to the point of curvature of the horn.
  • Unlike a lot of other birds, the male and female look similar.
• Habitat: Occurs in deciduous forests, open woodlands and thorn forest as well as rural cultivation and urban gardens and parks.
• Distribution: Indian subcontinent; found from north-east Pakistan and south Nepal east to north-west Bangladesh and south throughout most of India except in Assam.
• Diet: The food is mainly fruits, particularly figs.
• Ecological Role: They play an essential role in the ecosystem as prime dispersers of seeds. 
• Conservation status
  • IUCN: Least Concern.

About Finland:

• Location: It is located in Northern Europe.
• Bordering Countries: Norway (north), Sweden (northwest) and Russia (east).
• Bordering water bodies: It is bounded by the Gulf of Finland (south), Gulf of Bothnia (southwest) and Baltic Sea.
• Capital City: Helsinki
• It is a member of the European Union (EU) and NATO.
• Geographical Features of Finland:
  • Climate: It has a severe climate due to its northern location
  • Terrain: It is heavily forested
  • It has one of the highest concentrations of lakes
  • Highest Point: Mount Halti
  • Natural Resources: The country consists of copper, iron ore, nickel, cobalt, and chromium.

About Lakhpati Didi Initiative:

• A Lakhpati Didi is a Self-Help Group member who earns an annual household income of Rupees One Lakh (Rs. 1,00,000) or more.
  • This income is calculated for at least four agricultural seasons and/or business cycles, with an average monthly income exceeding Rs. 10,000 so that it is sustainable.
• It focuses on the individual SHG women and not on the Self-Help Group (SHG). 
• This initiative facilitates diversified livelihood activities, by ensuring convergence across all Government departments/ Ministries, Private sector and Market players.
• Objective: To encourage women to start micro-enterprises within their villages.
• The initiative has been initiated by DAY-NRLM, wherein each SHG household is encouraged to take up multiple livelihood activities coupled with value chain interventions.
• Lakhpati Didi Strategy:
  • Deepen, Strengthen and Expand Livelihood options: The households will be facilitated and enabled to take up diversified income-generating activities.
  • Capacity Building: A Cascade Training Strategy is adopted to enable training and handholding of Potential Lakhpati Didis (SHG members) from across all States and Union Territories in India.
  • Financial Assistance: DAY-NRLM serves as a catalyst, facilitating financial assistance and providing a platform for these women to thrive.
• Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Rural Development
• Revised Target: 6 crore Lakhpati Didis by March 2029.

About VoicERA:

• It is an open-source, end-to-end Voice AI stack.
• It is deployed on the BHASHINI National Language Infrastructure. 
• It establishes a national execution layer for multilingual Voice and Language AI.
• It is designed to be open, pluggable, interoperable, cloud deployable, and on premise ready.
• The platform enables secure and scalable deployment of voice systems across government, research institutions, and innovation ecosystems.
• Significance
  • Modularising the voice stack reduces duplication of effort and eliminates vendor lock-in.
  • The integration of VoicERA strengthens BHASHINI’s role as India’s national language
  • It expands BHASHINI’s capabilities from translation and language technologies to real-time speech systems, conversational AI, and multilingual telephony at a population scale.

What is BHASHINI?

• BHASHINI, or the BHASHa INterface for India, is an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered language translation platform.
• It is developed by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) under its National Language Translation Mission. 
• It aims to build a National Public Digital Platform for languages to develop services and products for citizens by leveraging the power of AI and other emerging technologies.
• It helps people translate content into various Indian languages.
• It uses cutting-edge AI and natural language processing (NLP) technologies to bridge the language divide, enabling users to access content and services in their preferred language. 
• It is implemented by Digital India BHASHINI Division, a division under Digital India Corporation, a Section 8 Company of the MeitY.
• Bhashini currently supports more than 22 languages, enabling inclusivity for a broad range of linguistic communities.