Brazil

About Brazil:

• Brazil is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.
• Its capital is Brasília.
• It is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, and borders all other countries in South America except Ecuador and Chile.
• Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations, the G20, BRICS, Union of South American Nations, Mercosul etc.
• Brazil's physical features can be grouped into five main physiographic divisions:
  • The Guiana Highlands in the North
  • The Amazon lowlands
  • The Pantanal in the Central-West
  • The Brazilian Highlands (including the extensive coastal ranges)
  • The coastal lowlands
• The Brazilian Highlands
  • The Brazilian Highlands are a system of plateaus, mountains, uplands.
  • The highest point is Pico da Bandeira, located in the Espinhaço Mountain range.
• The Guiana Highlands
  • The Guiana Highlands have their smaller southern parts cutting into Brazilian territory.
  • The highest summit of the country is located here- Pico da Neblina.
• The Amazon River and Basin
• The Amazon River in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world.
• The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains and drains into the Atlantic Ocean.
• The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries.
• The Amazon drainage basin is located in the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela.
• Most of the basin is covered by the Amazon Rainforest, also known as Amazonia, which is a dense tropical forest, and also the largest rainforest in the world.
• The Amazon Basin is a vast plain, with huge rivers intersecting its surface, coming from the Andes Mountains, the Brazilian Highlands and the Guyana Uplands.
• The basin is bordered by the Brazilian Highlands on the south, and the Guyana Upland on the north.