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Key Facts about Black Sea

July 24, 2026

India issued a security warning recently for ships venturing into the Black Sea that are locally flagged or employ its seafarers.

About Black Sea:

  • It is a large inland sea situated at the southeastern extremity of Europe.
  • It is located where Europe and Asia meet.
  • It is one of the marginal seas of the Atlantic Ocean.
  • Bordering Regions:
    • West: Balkan Peninsula (Southeastern Europe).
    • East: Caucasus Mountains.
    • North: East European Plains (Russia & Ukraine).
    • South: Anatolia (Turkey, Western Asia).
  • It is bordered by Ukraine to the north, Russia to the northeast, Georgia to the east, Turkey to the south, and Bulgaria and Romania to the west. The Crimean Peninsula juts into the Black Sea from the north.
  • Though far inland, it connects with the Atlantic Ocean through a series of other waterways.
    • The Bosporus Strait, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles Strait link the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, and finally, the Atlantic.
  • To its east, the Kerch Strait links the Black Sea to the smaller Sea of Azov.
  • Major rivers flowing into it include the Danube, Dnieper, Southern Bug, Rioni, and Dniester.
  • Ukraine has the highest number of islands in the Black Sea, including the sea’s largest island, Dzharylhach
  • The Black Sea has lower salinity than the world’s oceans due to isolation from the Mediterranean.

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