Key Facts about Earthworms

About Earthworms:

• They are terrestrial worms of the class Oligochaeta (phylum Annelida)—in particular, members of the genus Lumbricus. 
• Earthworms are harmless, often beneficial residents of the soil.
• Earthworms occur in virtually all soils of the world in which the moisture and organic content are sufficient to sustain them.
• Features:
  • The earthworm body is divided into ringlike segments. Some internal organs, including the excretory organs, are duplicated in each segment.
  • They don’t have lungs; they breathe through their skin. 
  • They also lack eyes, so instead use receptors in their skin to sense light and touch. 
  • Earthworms have five “hearts” that pump blood through their bodies.
  • Their food consists of decaying plants and other organisms; as they eat, however, earthworms also ingest large amounts of soil, sand, and tiny pebbles.
  • Earthworms are hermaphrodites, meaning an individual worm has both male and female reproductive organs.
• Benefits:
  • Earthworms break down dead and decaying organic matter into rich humus soil, thereby supporting plant growth.
  • Earthworms release waste from their bodies called castings. Castings contain many nutrients that the plant can use. 
  • They also dig tiny channels and make holes that aerate the soil and improve drainage.