Tens of thousands of species of earthworms are likely to be wriggling in the world’s soil, yet to be discovered by scientists – which will probably take more than 100 years to do.
About Earthworms:
They are terrestrial worms of the class Oligochaeta (phylum Annelida)—in particular, members of the genus Lumbricus.
Earthworms are harmless, often beneficial residents of the soil.
Earthworms occur in virtually all soils of the world in which the moisture and organic content are sufficient to sustain them.
Features:
The earthworm body is divided into ringlike segments. Some internal organs, including the excretory organs, are duplicated in each segment.
They don’t have lungs; they breathe through their skin.
They also lack eyes, so instead use receptors in their skin to sense light and touch.
Earthworms have five “hearts” that pump blood through their bodies.
Their food consists of decaying plants and other organisms; as they eat, however, earthworms also ingest large amounts of soil, sand, and tiny pebbles.
Earthworms are hermaphrodites, meaning an individual worm has both male and female reproductive organs.
Benefits:
Earthworms break down dead and decaying organic matter into rich humus soil, thereby supporting plant growth.
Earthworms release waste from their bodies called castings. Castings contain many nutrients that the plant can use.
They also dig tiny channels and make holes that aerate the soil and improve drainage.
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