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Key Facts about Hainan Island

Dec. 20, 2025

China recently split off Hainan Island, with an economy comparable to a mid-ranked country, from the mainland for customs processing, part of a bid to join a major trans-Pacific trade deal and establish a new Hong Kong-style commercial hub.

About Hainan Island:

  • It is a tropical island at the southernmost of China.
  • It is situated in the northeastern part of the Beibu Gulf, across the Qiongzhou Strait from mainland China.
  • It’s known as the “Hawaii of China,”.
  • It is the largest island administered by the People's Republic of China.
  • Its provincial capital is Haikou, known as the "Coconut City".
  • It was geologically connected with the southern Chinese mainland until a rift through the Hainan Strait opened sometime during the Miocene and Pliocene epochs.
  • Hainan is a regional center connecting Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia and is a maritime gateway between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
  • It’s also China’s largest free-trade port and host of the Boao Forum, an annual meeting of political and business leaders dubbed “Asia’s Davos.”

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