Key Facts about Sanchi

About Sanchi:

• Location:
  • It is located in the Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh.
  • It lies in an upland plateau region just west of the Betwa River.
• Importance:
  • Sanchi is a religious place with historical and Archaeological significance.
  • It has India’s best-preserved group of Buddhist monuments, collectively designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1989.
• Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi?
  • The site of Sanchi comprises a group of Buddhist monuments (monolithic pillars, palaces, temples and monasteries), all in different states of conservation, most of which date back to the 2nd and 1st centuries B.C. 
  • It is the oldest Buddhist sanctuary in existence and was a major Buddhist centre in India until the 12th century A.D.
  • The most prominent stupa found here is the Sanchi Stupa, also known as the Great Stupa.
  • Other remains at the site include several smaller stupas, an assembly hall (chaitya), an Ashokan pillar with inscriptions, and several monasteries (4th–11th century CE).

Key Facts about Sanchi Stupa:

• It was built by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka in the third century BC. 
• It enshrines religious relics or remains of the Buddha and his most revered disciples.
• Structure:
  • It is enclosed by a massive stone railing pierced by four gateways, which are adorned with elaborate carvings (known as Sanchi sculpture).
  • The stupa itself consists of a base bearing a hemispherical dome (anda), symbolizing the dome of heaven enclosing the earth.
  • It is surmounted by a squared rail unit (harmika) representing the world mountain, from which rises a mast (yashti), symbolizing the cosmic axis. 
  • The mast bears umbrellas (chatras) that represent the various heavens (devaloka).