LONG PERIOD AVERAGE (LPA)

April 16, 2019

While releasing its monsoon forecast, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) expressed the projected rainfall in terms of Long Period Average (LPA), saying that it was expected to be 96% of LPA.

About: 

  • Long Period Average (LPA) is the averages of rainfall received over a 50-year period between 1951 and 2001. This average comes to 89 cm of rainfall. 

  • This is the average rainfall recorded during the months from June to September, calculated during the 50-year period, and is kept as a benchmark while forecasting the quantitative rainfall for the monsoon season every year. 

  • Categories: IMD maintains five rainfall distribution categories on an all-India scale which are – 
    • Normal or Near Normal: When per cent departure of actual rainfall is +/-10% of LPA, that is, between 96-104% of LPA 

    • Below normal: When departure of actual rainfall is less than 10% of LPA, that is 90-96% of LPA 

    • Above normal: When actual rainfall is 104-110% of LPA 

    • Deficient: When departure of actual rainfall is less than 90% of LPA 

    • Excess: When departure of actual rainfall is more than 110% of LPA 



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