MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORPORATION (MCC) NEPAL COMPACT

March 3, 2022

Nepal’s House of Representatives passed by voice vote the Millennium Challenge Corporation Nepal Compact, a $500 million grant from the US to build power and road infrastructure projects.

About:

  • The biggest American financial pledge to Nepal so far, it was signed in 2017 by MCC, but ratification was delayed by criticism that it undermined Nepal’s sovereignty.

  • The deal was approved with a note stating that it has no military or security component and nothing to do with the US strategy in the Indo-Pacific — and that Nepal would be free to pull out if the US violated this understanding.

  • MCC is an independent bilateral foreign aid agency established by the US Congress in 2004.

US, China, India

  • This increases tussle between the US, China and India in Nepal.

  • Nepal is surrounded by India on three sides and China on the fourth.

  • After becoming PM for the first time in September 2015, Oli took Nepal close to China, retaliating against the months-long economic blockade launched by India

  • China’s involvement in four key areas — energy, tourism and hospitality, post-earthquake reconstruction, and trade and investment — has increased substantially since then.

  • In recent years, it has begun to openly exercise its influence and preferences in Nepali politics.

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