WESTERN SAHARA DISPUTE

About:

• A former Spanish colony, Western Sahara is a vast, arid region in northwest Africa.
  
  
• It is mineral rich: home to abundant reserves of phosphate, a key ingredient in the manufacturing of synthetic fertilisers. It has also lucrative fish resources and is believed to have off-shore oil.
  
  

Timeline:

• The region first came under Spanish control in 1884, and was made a province called ‘Spanish Sahara’ by the European country in 1934. Then in 1957, its northern neighbour Morocco, which had become independent from French rule just a year before, staked its claim over the entire territory, reasserting a centuries-old position.
  
  
• Then in 1975, ten years after the UN called for its decolonisation, Spain withdrew from Western Sahara, partitioning the region between Morocco, which received the region’s northern two-thirds, and Mauritania the remaining third in the south.
  
  
• Since then, Morocco has controlled around 80 per cent of Western Sahara, including its phosphate reserves.