What is a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)?

Jan. 31, 2025

As many as six firms will develop Indian foundational Artificial Intelligence (AI) models using newly provisioned Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) by the IndiaAI Mission, Union Minister for Electronics and Information Technology announced recently.

About Graphics Processing Unit (GPU):

  • A GPU is an electronic circuit board that can quickly perform many mathematical calculations.
  • Like a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a GPU is also a chip component in computing devices.
  • The technology was originally designed to speed up 3-D graphics rendering.
  • Since its introduction in the 1990s, the GPU has transformed computer software and video games, allowing programmers to produce vivid and realistic images on screens.
  • More recently, GPUs have been used beyond computer graphics in areas including high-performance computing, machine learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI), weather forecasting and cryptocurrency mining.

 

CPU vs. GPU:

  • CPUs are designed to handle general-purpose tasks such as running applications and managing system resources.
  • On the other hand, GPUs are optimized for specific tasks such as rendering 3D graphics and video decoding.
  • CPUs have fewer cores than GPUs, but each core is capable of handling more complex instructions.
  • This means that CPUs can handle sequential tasks more efficiently than GPUs, but GPUs outperform CPUs when it comes to parallel tasks like image rendering or video encoding/decoding.

 

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