What is Financialisation?

Feb. 1, 2025

The Economic Survey 2024-25 has warned that excessive financialisation can harm the economy, with potentially severe consequences for a low-middle-income country like India.

About Financialisation:

 

  • Financialization refers to the increasing influence of financial motives, markets, instruments, actors, and institutions in both domestic and international economies.
  • It involves the growing dominance of finance tools in firm management, the impact of financial markets on decision-making, and the significance of the global financial system in capital distribution worldwide.
  • It represents the shift from traditional industrial or productive activities (like manufacturing) to financial activities that involve the trading, management, and speculation of financial assets.
  • Financialization transforms the functioning of the economic system at both the macro and micro levels.
  • Its principal impacts are
    • Elevate the significance of the financial sector relative to the real sector;
    • Transfer income from the real sector to the financial sector;
    • Increase income inequality and contribute to wage stagnation.
  • Financialization operates through three different conduits: changes in the structure and operation of financial markets, changes in the behavior of non-financial corporations, and changes in economic policy.

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