What is Perovskite?

Sept. 22, 2023

Scientists recently discovered that a nanoscale “ink” coating could improve stability enough to make next-generation perovskite solar cells suitable for mass production.

About Perovskite:

  • Perovskites are a class of materials that share a similar structure and display a myriad of exciting properties like superconductivity, magnetoresistance, etc.
  • Crystal Structure:
    • It is a material that has the same crystal structure as the mineral calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3), the first-discovered perovskite crystal.
    • It is characterised by a three-dimensional arrangement of atoms.
    • It has the general formula ABX3, where "A" and "B" represent cations (positively charged ions) and "X" represents anions (negatively charged ions).
  • Discovery: The mineral was discovered in the Ural Mountains of Russia by Gustav Rose in 1839 and is named after Russian mineralogist Lev Perovski.
  • Due to its compositional flexibility, scientists can design perovskite crystals to have a wide variety of physical, optical, and electrical characteristics from insulating, semiconducting, metallic, and superconducting characteristics.
  • Optical Properties:
    • They are known for their exceptional optical properties. They can efficiently absorb and emit light across a wide range of wavelengths, from visible to near-infrared.
    • This property has made them a promising candidate for solar cells and light-emitting devices.
  • Applications:
    • It includes uses in sensors and catalyst electrodes, certain types of fuel cells, solar cells, lasers, memory devices and spintronics applications.
    • Solar cells are currently the most prominent perovskite application, as synthetic perovskites are recognized as potential inexpensive base materials for high-efficiency commercial photovoltaics.

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