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What is the HbA1c Test?

Feb. 10, 2026

A new study has found that glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), a laboratory test commonly used in India for detecting type-2 diabetes, may not accurately reflect blood glucose levels.

About HbA1c Test:

  • A hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) test is a blood test that shows average level of blood glucose, also called blood sugar, over the past two to three months.
  • An A1C test measures the percentage of RBCs that have glucose-coated hemoglobin.
  • An A1C test can show average glucose level for the past three months because:
    • Glucose sticks to hemoglobin for as long as the RBCs are alive.
    • RBCs live about three months.
  • High A1C levels are a sign of high blood glucose from diabetes.
  • Diabetes can cause serious health problems, including heart disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage.
  • With treatment and lifestyle changes, blood glucose levels can be controlled.

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