A team of scientists has developed an Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart system to monitor the health of the high-altitude yaks (Bos grunniens) and keep tabs on their movement near the international border in the Himalayas.
About Yak:
Yaks belong to the Bovini tribe, which also includes bison, buffaloes, and cattle.
Habitat:Wild yaks inhabit alpine tundra at altitudes of 5000 to 7000 meters. They thrive in environments such as alpine meadows, alpine steppes, and desert steppes.
Distribution: Found throughout the Himalayan region, Tibetan plateau, Mongolia, and parts of South-Central Asia.
In India, yaks are reared in Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, and the union territories of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh.
Characteristics of Yak:
This bovine animal has long been recognised for its resilience and adaptability to extreme conditions.
It features thick, shaggy coat. This woolly fur, provides insulation against the biting cold of high altitudes.
They have large hearts and lungs, compact bodies, thick outer hair covering, and nonfunctional sweat glands, which help to withstand hypoxia and cold stress.
Diet: Yaks are herbivorous, feeding on grasses and alpine plants.
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