In the history of mankind, a number of revolutionary transformations have been witnessed during different periods. However, the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 enjoys a place of great significance. In 1917 two revolutions took place in Russia - in reality both of these revolutions were the two phases of a single revolution.

Taking advantage of prevailing widespread discontent in Russia, Lenin overthrew Kerensky’s government with the help of his revolutionary Red Guard on the night of 6th and 7th November 1917 and declared Russia as a communist nation.

Significance of Bolshevik Revolution

• Overthrow of power: The overthrow of autocracy and the destruction of aristocracy and the power of church were first achievement of Bolshevik Revolution.
  
  
• First Communist state: The Bolshevik revolution resulted in establishment of the first communist state in world. It transformed communism from an idea to reality.
  
  
• Inspired workers and peasants: The success of Bolshevik Revolution inspired workers and peasants throughout the world. Leftist ideas gained popularity everywhere. Socialist-communist party emerged in Europe as well as in other countries.
  
  
• Emergence of an alternative model: The success of communism in Russia presented an alternative to capitalist model of political, social and economic life. As a result, an intense competition in the world to capture the heart and mind of the people.
  
  
• Impact on international relations: The emergence of communism in Russia terrified the western capitalist world. Western democracies were forced to pursue a softer policy towards Germany and Italy because the revival of Germany and Italy was considered necessary to counter the spread of communism.
  
  
• Prepared background for the Cold War: The Bolshevik Revolution prepared the background for the Cold War between the capitalist and the communist bloc from 1946-1991.
  
  
• Inspired other countries: The Bolshevik Revolution inspired similar communist movements in many parts of the world. The Chinese communist revolution, and the revolution in Cuba can be cited as examples.
  
  

The growing popularity of socialism and many achievements made by the Soviet Union after the Bolshevik revolution helped to recognize that for democracy to be real political rights without social and economic rights were not enough. The idea of the state playing an active role in regulating the economy and planning the economy to improve the condition of the people was accepted. The popularity of socialism also helped to mitigate discrimination based on race, colour and sex.