UPSC Prelims 2017 Question:

It is possible to produce algae based biofuels, but what is/are the likely limitation(s) of developing countries in promoting this industry?

1. Production of algae based biofuels is possible in seas only and not on continents.
2. Setting up and engineering the algae based biofuels production requires a high level of expertise/ technology until the construction is complete. 
3. Economically viable production necessitates the setting up of large scale facilities which may raise ecological and social concerns.
   
   

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Explanation: 

• • Third-generation biofuels from algae are currently considered excellent biofuel alternatives due to their ability to counteract almost all the pitfalls of the first- and second-generation biofuels.
  • Production of algae based biofuels is possible in seas, continents as well as in wastewater. So, statement 1 is not correct.
  • Setting up and engineering algae based biofuels is capital intensive, requires a high amount of human resource, knowledge, technology, capital and expertise. This is considered as one of the major drawbacks of setting up and engineering the third-generation biofuels from algae. So, statement 2 is correct.
    
    

• Economically viable production necessitates the setting up of large scale facilities which may raise ecological and social concerns, as it might cause resultant shortage in food supply and a further placebo effect on food and fuel pricings. Also, open algal ponds can attract insect larvae invasion and affect predator-prey balance. So, statement 3 is correct.
  
  

Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer.

Subject: Science & Technology | Recent Developments