UPSC Prelims 2015 Question:

Sl. No.	Medieval Indian State		Present Region
1.	Champaka	-	Central India
2.	Durgara	-	Jammu
3.	Kuluta	-	Malabar

Which of the above pairs is/ are correctly matched?

Explanation:

• The foothills of the Himalayas lent themselves admirably to the small kingdoms, owing to the nature of the country. The ninth century saw the rise of a number of hill states, some of which maintained their identity until recent years, despite their wars with each other and the frequent raids from the men of the plains.
  
  
• States such as Champaka (Chamba), Durgara (jammu), Trigarta (jalandhar), Kuluta (Kulu), Kumaon and Garhwal managed to remain outside the main areas of conflict in the northern plains.

• Champaka (Chamba) is a town in the Chamba district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It belongs to the North Indian region. So, pair 1 is not correctly matched.
  
  
• ‘Durgara’ is the present day ‘Jammu’. So, pair 2 is correctly matched.
  
  
• The kingdom of Kuluta was situated in the upper Beas valley which is also known as the Kully valley. Its capital was Naggar. So, pair 3 is not correctly matched.
  
  

Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer.  

Subject: History | Regional Kingdoms